Bachman Name:2825 Philip Ritter reports on his personal observation of the Bachman Coopersburg gravestone during a Summer 2005 visit thusly, "the final n in Bachman has a line over it which apparently represents a double n (-nn). Thus the name is spelled on the grave as Bachmann, although elsewhere he signed Bachman with a single n. Anna Maria's grave clearly has two -nn on the end (which is the modern German spelling)."

New Information on Date of Death:2825 Philip Ritter reports on his personal observtions of the Bachman Coopersburg gravestone during a Summer 2005 visit thusly, "I managed to make a couple of visits to the Saucon Mennonite Church Cemetery . . . he did not die on "22 Nov." The stone clearly says "9ZZ Novr." I've seen 9th Nov given in some online databases and that was the first thought of our Swiss friends. But after more discussion they concluded that it must be "19th Nov." where the first Z stands for "zehn" (as in nuenzehn) and the 2nd for the ordinal, although I don't know how the -tel in nuenzehntel would come to be represented by a -z. Maybe it has something to do with Swiss German. At any rate he most likely died on the 19th of Nov or possibly the 9th, but definitely not the 22nd as you and many others have."

Biographical Sketch (1985):69, p. 98-105. "The first Bachman in the lineage of Susan Agler and her mother, Susannah Baughman, whom we know emigrated to this country, was John George Bachman. His wife was Anna Maria Schnebelli, the daughter of Johannes Jacob Schnebelli.69 In official documents these names would later be written as Baughman and Schnebley. Such changes were very common among the early German colonists.

John George Baughman was born in 1686, presumably in the Palatinate region. Whether or not his family were Ibersheim Mennonites is not known to me. The fact that he married a girl from that area would give some credence to the belief that he was from Ibersheim. His wife Maria Schnebelli was born 12 April 1698. Later in official documents in Pennsylvania she was known as Anna Maria. John George was about twelve years older than his wife. On his tombstone it is stated that they were married thirty-eight years at the time of his death in 1753. Therefore, they were married ca. 1715. At that time he was a man of 29 and she a young woman of 17.

The year they migrated to Pennsylvania is unknown. One researcher [Ken Hottle] has stated that, ‘Marie Schnebley’s sister, Elizabeth m. 1714 Dielman Kolb Jr. 1691-1756 and left Ibersheim 3/21/1717 for American arriving 8/10/1717 in Philadelphia.'69, p. 99. As his authority, Littrell cites an unpublished communication by Ken Hottle, May 5, 1983, Allentown, Pennsylvania. Since families frequently emigrated together, it is very possible that John George and his young bride may have made the trip at the same time as her sister.

Although John George did not petition the Pennsylvania Assembly to be naturalized until 1730/31, he had two years previously purchased land. He bought the land from Thomas Shipley. The date of the Indenture was 14 August 1729. It was recorded on 10 February 1734.69, p. 99. As his authority, Littrell cites Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania Deed Book F, v. 8, p. 73-75.

The indenture is lengthy because of the repetition needed to be certain all was legal. Because of the length, I have chosen to quote excepts from the document to illustrate its nature. . . .

'This indenture made the fourteenth day of the sixth month called August in the year of our Lord & Saviour one Thousand Seven hundred & Twenty nine Between Thomas Shipley of Ridley in the county of Chester in the Province of Pensilvania Yeoman of the one part & John George Bachman of the county of Bucks in the said Province of Pensilvania Yeoman of the other part whereas the Honourable William Penn Esq. & Governor in Chief of the said Province deceased in his life time by a certain Grant in writing duly executed under his hand and lesser Seal of the said Province dated the sixteenth day of the Fifth month called July which was in the Year of our Lord one Thousand Six Hundred & Ninety one for the consideration therein mentioned did grant & confirm unto Henry Maddock of Holme Hall in the County of Chester in Great Brittane yeoman deceased Three hundred & seventy five acres of land clear of Indian incumbrances to be taken up in the said province of Pensilvania every acre to be computed according to the statue of the 33d of King Edward the First under & subject to the yearly quit rent of one shilling sterling for each hundred acres & proportionable for the lesser . . .'

The next portion which I have abstracted is of interest because it details the various owners of the land beginning with William Penn.

'. . . the said Henry Maddock dyed so as afd. seized and invested of & in the said Three Hundred & Seventy acres of Land . . . lawfully defended & came unto Mordecai Maddock Son & Heir apparent of the said Henry Maddock and whereas the said Mordecai Maddock and Sarrah his wife by their Indenture of Lease dated the twenty second and twenty third day of the month called April which was in the Year of our Lord one Thousand Seven Hundred & twenty eight . . . convey all these Three Hundred & Seventy five acres . . . unto the said Thomas Shipley . . . that the said Thomas Shipley for & in consideration of the sum of one hundred pounds current money of Pensilvania to him in hand paid by the said John George Bachman . . . with all the ways waters watercourses woods underwoods meadows marshes cripples swamps fishings fowlings hawkings huntings tights liberties priviledges improvements hereditame & apputs . . .'

More than just land for farming was important in those days as shown by the last statement about water, watercourses, and other natural conditions of the land and about the privileges John George Bachman would have on this land.

To read this portion of the document with understanding, I found it necessary to use an unabridged dictionary to determine the meaning of certain terms which were used. To aid the readers of this manuscript, I have included the following definitions:

Indenture: A mutual agreement in writing between two or more persons.
Yeoman: A common man; a freeholder; a man born free.
Quitrent: A fixed amount of rent, usually a small amount paid by a freeholder to a superior.
Underwood: The sprout growth in a cutover forest, or underbrush.
Cripple: Swampy or low wet ground, often covered with brush
Hereditame: The word when not abbreviated is ‘hereditament’, which is any property that may be inherited or may descend to an heir.
Appurts.: Appurtenance, or something belonging to another thing, such as an easement, common pasture, outhouse, barn, garden, orchard, house.

No legal description of the land appears in this document. Undoubtedly the description would be in the original document given by Penn to Henry Maddox. However, from other documents it is known that this land was along Saucon Creek in Upper Saucon township in what was then Bucks County, but now part of Lehigh County. Through the years following his first purchase, John George Bachman added to the 375 acres he acquired from Shipley. I was able to find several deeds (or indentures, or patents). On 22 July 1740 an indenture between John, Thomas, and Richard Penn granted a patent to George Bachman for two tracts of land.69, p. 101. As his authorities, Littrell cites Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania Patent Book A, v. 10, p. 107 and Bucks County, Pennsylvania, Docket B, Book K, v. B, Book 31, p. 165.

These tracts were ". . . situate near the branches of Tohickon and Sacony Creek in the county of Bucks." One tract of land contained 110 acres and the other 103 1/4 acres. There was a yearly Quitrent for these lands.

The story of the Indian Walk is interesting.690, v. 1, p. 47-50. William Penn in 1737 wanted a better description of the boundaries of the land over which he had control. The treaties with the Indians until then had such statements as ". . . running northwardly as as far as a horse can travel in two days." In August of 1737 he had a deed executed with the Indiana which would establish the northwest boundary of his holdings. The line was to be established by two men walking for two days with their route to establish the boundary.

The walk was to start on September 12, 1737 with ". . . the starting point being a large chestnut tree that stood in the corner of a field where the road from Pennsville joined the Durham road at a short distance from the Wrights Town Meeting House." The Indians did not know that the two meant who were to be the official walkers were experience frontiersmen. They were accompanied on the walk by several Indians and other white men on horseback. The went north 34 degrees west and on as straight a line as far as possible.

Because of their background the men were able to go much farther north than the Indians had expected. The Indians were very upset; they raged and yelled. On the second day the walk continued and at the end of the day the men had gone 60 1/2 miles. The Quakers felt sorry for the Indians thinking that they had been swindled by Penn. The new boundary extended much farther northwest than it had before and it encompassed some of the Indian's favorite hunting grounds.

The land purchases which John George Bachman made gave him more than 1,000 acres of land. The present town of Coopersburg, Pennsylvania is situated on land which had belonged originally to John George. As I walked around in that town, I felt a distinct pleasure in recalling that my ancestor had once lived on that same ground.

Prior to his death on 9 November 1753, John George Bachman made a will dated 15 October 1753.69, p. 102. As his authority, Littrell cites Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania Will Book, v. K, p. 179, file #115. In the will he specifically names three sons — John, Samuel, and Abraham. These were his youngest sons and none had reached the age of twenty-one when their father died. In deeds which will be discussed later, I found that he had given land to his two oldest sons prior to his death. These sons were Henry and Jacob. One other son, Hans George, was not named in the will. His youngest daughter, Susannah, was named in the will. She was to receive as much as the other daughters. They were not named. Note that in the will he mentions that an annexed paper tells how he had previously distributed the property. This paper was not made available to me by the State of Pennsylvania. Whether or not it is still in existence is not known. One employee has requested that I ask alter, as she would try to find the paper.

Note, also, that in the will he makes certain that any child who objected to his will would not be given any property. That child’s share would be divided among the others. I have wondered if any muttered their discontent under their breaths when others weren’t around. On 29 May 1754, the will was probated in Philadelphia.

Anna Maria Bachman lived for twenty-three years after her husband’s death. She died on 4 November 1766. Did she know about the Declaration of Independence which had been signed just four months before her death? John George and Anna Maria were both buried in the Saucon Mennonite Cemetery, which was adjacent to the Mennonite church. A church still stands next to the cemetery, but a woman who lives next door to that church said it was called the Dunkard Church. It may be that a different sect of the Anabaptists took over the church in later years.
. . .
English translation of German words on John George Bachman’s tombstone:
Age 67 years
All here rests
in God the respected
George Bachman (who)
from his marriage has
left behind his wife
after 38 years of
wedded life.

Together they produced
11 children, 7 sons and 4
daughters. (He) died
9th November 1753"

Bachman in Richterswil, Canton Zürich, Switzerland

Origins:1605, p. 49. As his authority, Baughman cites "Amt-Tåuferamt, Wiedertåuferen Gut" F III, 36b.14 ‘Rudolf Bachman von Richterswilerberg’ (Ledgers of Confiscated Property and Disbursements 1640-1678, Staatsarchiv Zürich, Switzerland) "Hans Jörgli for many years in Kurpfalz, was an Anabaptist, moved to America in Pensilvania, living by a great swamp, according to various letters to his father, had sons."

1686 Baptism:1605, p. 49. As his authority, Baughman cites "Amt-Tåuferamt, Wiedertåuferen Gut" F III, 36b.14 ‘Rudolf Bachman von Richterswilerberg’ (Ledgers of Confiscated Property and Disbursements 1640-1678, Staatsarchiv Zürich, Switzerland) From a Richterswil alms roll dated 19 March 1679: "Oswald Bachmann [1657, also called Jos or Jodocus], the son of Hans Jagli. Note well: Lives at the Old Castle. Had four sons as heirs, Hans Jörgli [baptized 2 May 1686], Jörgli [8 March 1679], Hans Heinrich [14 February 1685] and Heinrich (nicknamed ‘Oil Heinrich’) [14 May 1682]."

Bachman-Schnebelli Bible (1536 Froschauer)

Bachman Family Bible:672 "In the meantime, the (1536 Froschauer Schnebelli-Bachmann Family) Bible found its way into the possession of Hans George Bachmann (1686-1753) when he married Anna Maria Schnebelli in 1715, probably at the Ibersheimerhof. In the 'Palatine Mennonite census' lists we find one Hans Bachman at the Ibersheimerhof in September 1685.678, p. 16.

According to Maria's gravestone, she was born in 1698 and died in 1776, and appears to have been the daughter of Hans Jacob Schnebelli.

George and Maria Bachmann's oldest child, Henrich, was born in 1717, according to their family record which we find in the Bible. They may have immigrated to Pennsylvania in that year, along with Dielman and Elizabeth Schnebeli Kolb and many other Palatine Mennonites who came at the same time. We do know that they came by 1727 and settled in the Saucon area.679 George and Maria's second son, Hans Jacob Bachmann (possibly named after his material grandfather), was born in 1720.

During the 1720s, the [1536 Froschauer Schnebelli-Bachmann Family] Bible settled with the Bachmann family in the Saucon Mennonite community in what is now Coopersburg, Lehigh County, where George acquired a tract of 300 acres by 1728.679

From 1717 to 1744, the births of George and Maria Bachmann's eleven children are recorded in the Bible727 as follows:

Our Son Henrich Bachmann, born 1717
Our Son Hans Jacob Bachmann, born June 15, 1720
Our Daughter Catarina Bachmann, born August 25, 1722
Our Son Hans Georg Bachmann, born November 30, 1724
Our Son Christel [Christian] Bachmann, born May 19, 1727
Our Daughter Mary Bachmann, born January 28, 1729
Our Daughter Elisabeth Bachmann, born July 3, 1732
Our Son Johannes Bachmann, born August 1, 1735
Our Son Samuel Bachmann, born January 14, 1739
Our Daughter Susanna Bachmann, born April 17, 1742
Our Son Abraham Bachmann, born November 12, 1744

And one more birth, which must be a grandchild of Hans George Jr.:

Esther Oberholtzer, born September 30, 1782, at 7 o'clock p.m., in the sign of the Ram.

George Bachmann, Sr. died in 1753, was buried in the Saucon Mennonite Cemetery, and the Bible was passed on to his son Hans George, Jr. (1724-1806)

The elder Bachmann's gravestone, the oldest in the Saucon cemetery, refers to him as the 'honorable' (ehrsame) George Bachmann, tells us his age, that he was married for 38 years, and that they had eleven children. His 1753 estate inventory lists: 'two Bibles & sundry other books,' valued at four pounds.672, p. 26. As his authority, Alderfer cites the 1754 Inventory of George Bachman, Philadelphia City Archives. The Bible was rebound sometime in the 18th century. His widow, Maria, lived another twenty-three years."

Immigration to Pennsylvania

1717 Immigration:1605, p. 75. As his authority, Baughman cites Wust, Klaus, Project Voyage, unpublished manuscript 1996, p. 97-98. "On 15 August 1717, a ship under the command of Captain Richmond arrived in Philadelphia with 150 Palatines aboard. Among them were more Mennonites from Ibersheim, including Hans Georg Bachman, his wife and their one-year-old son Heinrich. Also aboard were Hans and Martin Bär, Jacob Böhm, Hans Brubaker, a Brachbill, a Langenacker, and a Schnebelli."

1717 Immigration:671 "After considering different areas of Europe for settlement, the Mennonite leaders decided in February 1717 that Pennsylvania would be the new gathering place for the Mennonites. Some started leaving in March of that year to journey to London. By May, some had received certificates which allowed them to receive help from the Dutch brethren when they arrived in Holland.

It was reported that on August 24, 1717, three ships carrying 363 Mennonite passengers arrived in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. We do not know the names of the ships and there are no ship lists which contain the names of the passengers. I have used tax lists and warrants to determine who probably arrived on those ships.

According to Dielman Kolb's Bible record, Kolb arrived on August 10, 1717. This may mean that there was another ship full of Mennonites which left shortly before the three other ships which arrived on August 24, 1717, or Kolb's ship was included with two others for a total of 353 arrivals. Another possibility is that Kolb wrote the wrong date.

After doing the research for this article, putting my list together and totaling the number of family members which I believe arrived in 1717, I was surprised to find that my total was approximately 363 passengers. There may have been other Mennonite arrivals that summer, however, which I have not yet found. I believe that there were probably daughters in some of these families whom I have not been able to identify as yet, which would add to the number.

August 24, 1717 -- Arrivals on three ships: Hans Georg Bachman, age 31, Ibersheim, Germany, d. 1753, Lehigh Co., Pa.; wife: Anna Maria Schnebeli, age 19, Ibersheim, Germany, d. 1776, Lehigh Co., Pa.; child: Henrich Bachman, age 1, Ibersheim, Germany"

1717 Immigration:748 "The reasoning for putting Hans Georg Bachman as a 1717 immigrant is because he was naturalized with a number of settlers from Philadelphia, Chester, and Bucks counties in 1729 and the list was noted as solely for the purpose of naturalizing those who arrived in the colonies previous to 1718. I am assuming that the 1729 list for the Philadelphia, Chester and Bucks counties was for the same purpose. It would appear that the others listed on the list with Hans Georg all settled previous to 1718."

Bachman in Pennsylvania

Biographical Sketch (1970):234, p. 7-8. "George Bachman, the pioneer settler, was born in 1686 and acquired lands in the Coopersburg area of Bucks County (later Northampton) as early as 1735. Tract number 95 in Upper Saucon Township was warranted to him about 1735, in pursuance of which warrant, there was patented to him on June 4, 1737, a tract of 334 1/2 acres. He established his residence here in what later became Coopersburg. On May 2, 1739, he took a warrant for 30 acres and on July 18, 1740 he received a patent on this warrant for more than 103 acres. On June 5, 1739, he filed a warrant for 80 acres and on July 18, 1740, he received a patent for 110 plus acres. About 1742, a warrant was issued to George Bachman, in pursuance of which there was surveyed for him a tract (no. 34) of 40 acres. Bachman also drew the warrant for a tract of 38 acres. In other original titles, George Bachman received tracts nos. 11, 23, and 39. All of these tracts amounted to about 1,000 acres of land.

In 1742, George Bachman was one of the early settlers who petitioned that the area be made a township. It was to be called Saucon or Sak-unk, an Indian name meaning 'at the place of the creek's mouth.' Bachman was also one of those who petitioned to erect Upper Saucon Township in March of 1743. About 1745, George Bachman opened a hotel in Coopersburg known as 'Der Siebenstern' (The Seven Stars). 'The Crown,' a resort in South Bethlehem, was visited by the Bachmans of Saucon while they were in the area on business or simply to partake of the good cheer and camaraderie there.

George Bachman died in 1753 and was buried at the neighboring meeting house. His immediate descendants seem to have held sole possession of the original Bachman tract until the close of the 18th century. In 1758, claims were filed based on the deeding of the property by Anna Maria Bachman to the sons as follows: George, Jr., A-1-113 and A-1-114, July 24 and 16, 1754 respectively; Jacob, A-1-116, March 17, 1755; John, A-1-119, April 7, 1758; and Samuel, A-1-123, April 7, 1758."

Biographical Sketch (1997):1605, p. 79. "The Lenn-Lenape Indians kept a village knows as Skakunk or Sa-ku-wit, meaning ‘mouth of the creek.’ At first, the Swiss had named this general region ‘Der Grosse Sumpf’ after the many fingers of the Great Swamp Creek where a larger community of Mennonites lived a few miles to the southwest. Eventually, the Bachman land became more specifically known as ‘Saucon.’

Johannes Georg Bachman must have been among the earliest to stop since he staked claim to the best part of the gateway, a wide and deep section astride the trail, well-watered by Saucon Creek. The settlers interested in metalwork discovered rich ores of zinc and iron around the limestone soil of Saucon. The Penn family did not officially buy the land from the Indians until a treaty was signed on 7 September 1732."

Biographical Sketch (1997):1605, p. 80. "Georg received his patent to the first property on 4 June 1737, being tract No. 95 for 334 1/2 acres. Tract No. 34 was also warranted to him in 1742 for 40 acres; tract No. 24 was warranted eight years later to Jacob Bachman for 71 1/4 acres, the future site of Philipsburg.1605, p. 80. As his authority, Baughman cites Roberts and Stoudt, History of Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, 1914, p. 926-927. The Bachman family at Saucon held ten farmsteads during the early years, totally over 1,000 acres.234, p. 8. Along with their neighbors, the making of 145 tracts into an official Upper Saucon Township began with a petition filed in March 1743."

Biographical Sketch (1997):1605, p. 95. "Back in Saucon Township, the volume of traffic passing his front door persuaded Georg Bachman to open an inn and tavern by 1745. A considerable number were German Moravians heading for their new settlement. On a Christmas Eve just a few years before, they founded the town of Bethlehem seven miles further north along the trail.

"The large squared logs were lathed and plastered on the outside, of a yellow tint with white lines drawn to imitate some blocks," recalled old timers who had seen 'Der Siebenstern,' meaning 'The Seven Stars,' before it was torn down after 96 years. "The sign, a moon and seven stars, stood in the middle of the public road. The squared, lathed logs distinguished the owner as wealthy and 'genteel.'" Their interior was completed "with large flat stones for a floor."

‘The bar room was furnished with small crude tables arranged along the walls. On these tables was wine, which was cheap and served by half pints and pints. Later, whisky and other strong drink came into use and these were served by the [four-ounce] gill.’1605, p. 94. As his authority, Baughman cites Ohl, Albert J., History of Southern Lehigh County, Pennsylvania (unpublished manuscript in the collection of the Coopersburg Historical Society, ca. 1910).

Starting out in the German tradition, one big building sheltered both travelers and their animals. Under the same roof, better protection was insured against midnight horse thieves, and besides, the livestock could share their body heat with the whole building.

The Siebenstern Inn faced north on the corner of present-day Main and State Street, the exact site of which was open ground in the late 20th century. The rectangular lot considered part of the tavern grounds ran along the east side of the trail, bounded by the present-day streets of Oxford, to the north, Fourth on the east, Station on the south, and Main as the western edge. Across the lane from the tavern, a large stone barn was soon finished, right where the Coopersburg Town Hall now stands. The huge barn could accommodate 30 to 40 teams of horses at one time.1605, p. 95. As his authority, Baughman cites Borger, Evelyn, Coopersburgh, The Town of Possibilities, The Coopersburg Historical Society, Coopersburg, Pennsylvania, 1979. Not too long after it opened in 1748, Georg Bachman patronized an elegant inn and resort founded at Bethlehem called 'The Crown,' and perhaps borrowed ideas for his own place.

In 1752, the permanent population of the Saucon Township reached 650 souls. Georg Bachman died around 22 November 1754, and was buried at the old meetinghouse next door to his original property.234, p. 8. Tombstones for the elder Bachman and the preacher Jacob Meyer are among the oldest there. His third son, Hans George Jr., continued to run the tavern and inn.

The year after Georg Sr.'s death, workers completed the Old Bethlehem Pike, making the last section from Bachman's to Bethlehem into a proper wagon road. It can be traced from Philadelphia, roughly following the course of present-day Route 309, onto Route 378, known north of Coopersburg as Wyandotte Street"

1735 Mennonite Meetinghouse:1605, p. 80. As his authority, Baughman cites Matthews and Hungerford, A History of the Counties of Lehigh and Carbon, 1884, p. 427. "The original Mennonite meetinghouse was erected about 1735 on the northeast corner of Bachman’s land."

1752 Formation of Northampton County:15, p. 634. Northampton County formed from Bucks County.

1753 Date of Death:2825 Philip Ritter reports on his personal observtions of the Bachman Coopersburg gravestone during a Summer 2005 visit thusly, "I managed to make a couple of visits to the Saucon Mennonite Church Cemetery . . . he did not die on "22 Nov." The stone clearly says "9ZZ Novr." I've seen 9th Nov given in some online databases and that was the first thought of our Swiss friends. But after more discussion they concluded that it must be "19th Nov." where the first Z stands for "zehn" (as in nuenzehn) and the 2nd for the ordinal, although I don't know how the -tel in nuenzehntel would come to be represented by a -z. Maybe it has something to do with Swiss German. At any rate he most likely died on the 19th of Nov or possibly the 9th, but definitely not the 22nd as you and many others have."

1753 Tombstone:214 "The English translation of the gravestone of George Bachman reveals that the word ‘EHRSAME’ means HONORABLE. No doubt the family and neighbors of George Bachman showed him a great respect when these words were carved on his stone. The tombstone further reveals that he was married 38 years and had 7 sons and 4 daughters."

1753 Tombstone:69, p. 98-105. Saucon Mennonite Cemetery, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania. (English translation of German words on George Bachman’s tombstone.)
Age 67 years
All here rests
in God the respected
George Bachman (who)
from his marriage has
left behind his wife
after 38 years of
wedded life.

Together they produced
11 children, 7 sons and 4
daughters. (He) died
22 November 1753 [Actually is 19th; see Philip Ritter's2825 observations above]

1753 Bachman Will:214 "The Will of Johann George Bachman can be found in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania Will Book K, page 179. It was written on 15 Oct 1753 and presented to the court in Philadelphia on 29 May 1754. He leaves all his remaining real and personal properties to his wife Anna Maria. He has already distributed land and monies to his married children. To his remaining minor sons, John, Samuel, and Abraham, he asks that his wife distribute land when they reach 21 years of age. Money is left to daughter Susannah upon her eighteenth birthday (as has gone to all his daughters). He states that should any of his children dispute his will that they be proclaimed disobedient and that the remaining estate be sold. He further leaves money to the poor of his congregation. The will was signed George Bachman and witnessed by Jacob Musselman, George Acherman, and John Hooker. The will was undisputed. It should be noted that he named his wife as Executrix and his son Henry, friend Abraham Clemens and friend John Joeder, Jr., as overseers."